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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(4): 845-852, Aug. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124864

ABSTRACT

Anatomical variations of the scalene muscles are frequent, as are those of the brachial plexus and its terminal nerves. Nonetheless, these variations are reported separately in the literature. The aim of this work is to present a variation of scalene muscles, concomitant with an abnormal path of the musculocutaneous nerve. During a routine dissection of the cervical region, axilla and right anterior brachial region in an adult male cadaver, a supernumerary muscle fascicle was located in the anterior scalene muscle, altering the anatomical relations of C5 and C6 ventral branches of the brachial plexus. This variation was related to an anomalous path of the musculocutaneous nerve that did not cross the coracobrachialis muscle. It passed through the brachial canal along with the median nerve. It then sent off muscular branches to the anterior brachial region and likewise, communicating branches to the median nerve. The concomitant variations of the brachial plexus and scalene muscles they are not described frequently. Knowledge of these variations improves diagnosis, enhancing therapeutic and surgical approaches by reducing the possibility of iatrogenesis during cervical, axillary and brachial region interventions.


Las variaciones anatómicas de los músculos escalenos son frecuentes, así como también las del plexo braquial y sus nervios terminales. Sin embargo la literatura científica las presenta por separado. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar una variación de los músculos escalenos concomitante con un trayecto anómalo del nervio musculocutáneo. Disección de rutina de región cervical, axila y región braquial anterior derechas realizada en un cadáver adulto de sexo masculino. Se encontró un fascículo muscular supernumerario para el músculo escaleno anterior que alteraba las relaciones anatómicas de los ramos ventrales C5 y C6 del plexo braquial. Esta variación estaba acompañada por un trayecto anómalo del nervio musculocutáneo, el cual no atravesaba al músculo coracobraquial y transitaba por el conducto braquial acompañando al nervio mediano. Desde allí enviaba a la región braquial anterior ramos musculares y al nervio mediano ramos comunicantes. Las variaciones conjuntas del plexo braquial y los músculos escalenos no se presentan con frecuencia. Conocerlas enriquece la capacidad diagnóstica, terapéutica y quirúrgica. Reduciendo la posibilidad de iatrogenia al intervenir en las regiones cervical, axilar y braquial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology , Musculocutaneous Nerve/anatomy & histology , Neck Muscles/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Cadaver , Dissection , Anatomic Variation , Musculocutaneous Nerve/abnormalities , Neck Muscles/abnormalities
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(2): 461-463, jun. 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-714293

ABSTRACT

Variations in the brachial plexus and the distribution patterns of its branches are not uncommon. A communicating branch, which is the most frequent variation, often arises from musculocutaneous nerve to median nerve. However, the branches arising from lateral cord of the brachial plexus and median nerve instead of musculocutaneous nerve are very rare. Detailed description of the abnormalities is important for surgical procedures. Our case study reports the musculocutaneous nerve was absent, a branch from the medial cord innervated the coracobrachialis muscle and two branches from the median nerve innervated the biceps and brachialis muscles, respectively. Moreover, the median nerve gave off the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. This report provides evidence of such possible anatomical variations to surgeons, anesthetists and neurologists during clinical practice.


Las variaciones en el plexo braquial y los patrones de distribución de sus ramos no son infrecuentes. Un ramo comunicante, que es la variante más frecuente, a menudo surge desde el nervio musculocutáneo al nervio mediano. Sin embargo, los ramos que surgen del fascículo lateral del plexo braquial y nervio mediano en vez de nervio musculocutáneo son muy raros. La descripción detallada de las anomalías es importante para procedimientos quirúrgicos. En nuestro caso el nervio musculocutáneo estaba ausente, un ramo del fascículo medial inervó el músculo coracobraquial y dos ramos del nervio mediano inervaron los músculos bíceps y braquial, respectivamente. Por otra parte, el nervio mediano originó al nervio cutáneo antebraquial lateral. Este informe proporciona evidencia de algunas variaciones anatómicas útiles para cirujanos, anestesistas y neurólogos durante la práctica clínica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Median Nerve/abnormalities , Musculocutaneous Nerve/abnormalities , Cadaver , Anatomic Variation
3.
Braz. j. morphol. sci ; 31(1): 6-8, 1/3/2014. ilu
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911254

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In most of cases, the emergency of the nervous roots of the brachial plexus in the posterior cervical triangle occur between the anterior and middle scalene muscles. However, anatomic variations in the brachial plexus are not rare. Methods: In the laboratory of Human Anatomy of the "Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais" 106 cadavers were dissected. There were dissected the cervical region of all of the cadavers bilaterally. Results: In routinely dissection in the laboratory of human anatomy of the "Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais" we've found in the left cervical region of a male cadaver the ventral branch of the seventh cervical nerve (C7) perforating the substance of the middle scalene muscle. Conclusion: Professionals that work with this region on the practice must pay attention to this and other variations in the constitution of the brachial plexus in the clinic and surgical procedures to avoid complications.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Dissection , Anatomic Variation
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(2): 656-660, jun. 2012.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-651846

ABSTRACT

During routine dissection of the upper limbs of a caucasian male cadaver, multiple variations of the branches of the brachial plexus were observed. On the left side, the musculocutaneous nerve was absent and the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm were innervated by the median nerve. The median nerve was also formed from three roots viz; two from the lateral and one from the medial cord of the brachial plexus. On the right side, the musculocutaneous nerve contributed a long communicating branch to the median nerve in the distal half of the arm. There were also communicating branches between the ulnar and radial nerves in both limbs at the humeral level. The co-existence of these variations appears to be unique and has not been reported in the literature reviewed. The anatomic and clinical significance of these variations is discussed.


Fueron observadas durante una disección de rutina de los miembros superiores de un cadáver caucásico masculino, múltiples variaciones de los ramos del plexo braquial. En el lado izquierdo, el nervio musculocutáneo estaba ausente y los músculos del compartimento anterior del brazo estaban inervados por el nervio mediano. El nervio mediano se encontraba formado de tres raíces dos provenientes del fascículo lateral y uno del fascículo medial del plexo braquial. En el lado derecho, en la mitad distal del brazo, el nervio musculocutáneo generó un largo ramo comunicante con el nervio mediano. Además, en el brazo, en ambos miembros superiores existían ramos comunicantes entre los nervios ulnar y radial. La coexistencia de estas variaciones aparece ser única y no ha sido relatada en la literatura consultada. Son discutidas la significancia anatómica y clínica de estas variaciones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Upper Extremity/innervation , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Ulnar Nerve/anatomy & histology , Median Nerve/anatomy & histology , Musculocutaneous Nerve/anatomy & histology , Radial Nerve/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities
5.
Med. UIS ; 23(3): 259-263, sept.-dic. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-604815

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el plexo braquial puede verse afectado por patología neoplásica tanto primaria como secundaria. Los tumores primarios del plexo braquial son entidades poco frecuentes, aunque algunos, como el tumor maligno de la vaina del nervio periférico pueden tener un comportamiento agresivo. Caso clínico: se presenta una mujer de 31 años con disestesias y debilidad progresiva en el miembro superior izquierdo. El estudio neurofisiológico mostró afectación del plexo braquial izquierdo. En la resonancia magnética se observó una masa de tejido blando que invadía el plexo braquial. El estudio histológico fue compatible con un tumor maligno de la vaina del nervio periférico. Conclusiones: el tumor maligno de la vaina del nervio periférico es un tumor altamente agresivo que puede aparecer en pacientes sin datos clínicos de neurofibromatosis tipo 1. Debe mantenerse un elevado nivel de sospecha con el objetivo de no retrasar el diagnóstico para así poder realizar un tratamiento lo más conservador posible.


Introduction. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) are sarcomas that are rarely located in the upper limb. Clinical case. We present a 31- year-old woman with progressive dysesthesia and weakness of the left upper limb. The neurophysiological study showed damage in the left brachial plexus. A soft tissue mass that was invading the plexus was observed in the magnetic resonance image. The anatomopathological study was compatible with MPNST diagnosis. Conclusions. Intrinsic tumors of the brachial plexus are uncommon. A MPNST is an extremely aggressive mesenchymal tumor that is seldom rooted in the brachial plexus.


Subject(s)
Brachial Plexus , Brachial Plexus Neuropathies , Neoplasms , Peripheral Nerves , Neoplasms/surgery , Peripheral Nerves/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 27(4): 1047-1050, dic. 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-582050

ABSTRACT

The axillary arch can be described as an anomalous muscular slip of latissimus dorsi muscle. In this paper, a rare case of bilateral axillary arch is reported during routine dissection of the axillary region of a 57-year old male cadaver. On both sides, the axillary arch muscle took origin from latissimus dorsi and teres major, and passed upwards through the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, but posterior to the bulk of axillary neurovascular bundle. It then split into two slips: the medial slip was inserted into the root of the coracoid process, while the lateral slip which was intracapsular, was attached to the lesser tubercle, above the attachment of subscapularis. The presence of the muscle has important clinical implications, and the position, bilateral presence, penetration of the posterior cord, and multiple connective tissue attachments makes the case most unique. The anatomy, surgical implications, and embryology of the anomalous muscle are discussed in this paper.


El arco axilar puede ser descrito como un fascículo muscular anómalo del músculo latísimo del dorso. En este trabajo, un raro caso de arco axilar bilateral se encontró durante la disección de rutina de la región axilar de un cadáver de 57 años de sexo masculino. En ambos lados, el músculo arco axilar se originó desde los músculos latísimo del dorso y redondo mayor y pasó hacia arriba a través del fascículo posterior del plexo braquial, pero posterior a la mayor parte del paquete neurovascular axilar. A continuación, se dividió en fascículos: el fascículo medial se insertó en la raíz del proceso coracoides, mientras que el fascículo lateral, era intracapsular y se insertaba en el tubérculo menor del húmero, por encima de la inserción del músculo subescapular. La presencia de este músculo axilar tiene importantes implicaciones clínicas, y la posición, la presencia bilateral, la penetración del fascículo posterior, y múltiples uniones de tejido conectivo hacen al caso más especial. La anatomía, las implicaciones quirúrgicas y embriología del músculo anómalo son discutidos en este trabajo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Axilla/anatomy & histology , Axilla/abnormalities , Pectoralis Muscles/anatomy & histology , Pectoralis Muscles/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Cadaver
7.
São Paulo med. j ; 126(5): 288-290, Sept. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-500338

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: The musculocutaneous nerve is one of the terminal branches of the lateral fasciculus of the brachial plexus, and is responsible for innervation of the flexor musculature of the elbow and for skin sensitivity on the lateral surface of the forearm. Its absence has been described previously, but its real prevalence is unknown. CASE REPORT: A case of absence of the musculocutaneous nerve that was observed during the dissection of the right arm of a male cadaver is described. The area of innervation was supplied by the median nerve. From this, three branches emerged: one to the coracobrachialis muscle, another to the biceps brachii muscle and the third to the brachialis muscle. This last branch continued as a lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. This is an anatomical variation that has clinical-surgical implications, considering that injury to the median nerve in this case would have caused unexpected paralysis of the flexor musculature of the elbow and hypoesthesia of the lateral surface of the forearm.


CONTEXTO: O nervo musculocutâneo é um dos ramos terminais do fascículo lateral do plexo braquial, sendo responsável pela inervação da musculatura flexora do cotovelo e pela sensibilidade cutânea da face lateral do antebraço. Sua ausência já foi descrita previamente, mas a sua real prevalência é desconhecida. RELATO DE CASO: Este é um relato de caso da ausência do nervo musculocutâneo observada durante a dissecção do membro superior direito de um cadáver do sexo masculino, sendo o seu território de inervação suprido pelo nervo mediano. Deste emergiam três ramos, um para o músculo coracobraquial, outro para o músculo bíceps braquial e o terceiro para o músculo braquial. Este último ramo continuava-se como nervo cutâneo lateral do antebraço. Trata-se de variação anatômica que tem implicações clínico-cirúrgicas, já que a lesão do nervo mediano, neste caso, acarretaria inesperada paralisia da musculatura flexora do cotovelo e hipoestesia da face lateral do antebraço.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Forearm/innervation , Median Nerve/abnormalities , Musculocutaneous Nerve/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Cadaver , Paralysis
8.
West Indian med. j ; 57(4): 403-405, Sept. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672387

ABSTRACT

In this case of a male adult Caucasian cadaver, variations were noted involving the location of the C5 ventral ramus descending anterior and superolateral to the anterior scalene muscle. An unusual communicating branch was discovered that originated from C5 at the midpoint of the anterior scalene muscle, two centimeters proximal to Erb's point, to communicate with C6 and another communicating branch originating from C6 to C7. Awareness of the possibility of this variation is of great importance during certain surgical procedures. Comparison of this case with the literature is discussed.


En este caso de un cadáver adulto varón caucásico, se observaron variaciones que involucraban la localización de la rama ventral del quinto nervio cervical (C5) anterior descendente y superior lateral en relación con el músculo escaleno anterior. Se descubrió una rama comunicante inusual que se originaba a partir del C5 en el punto medio del músculo escaleno anterior, dos centímetros próximo al punto de Erb, para comunicarse con el C6 y otra rama comunicante son su punto de origen en C6 hasta C7. Conocer la posibilidad de esta variación es de gran importancia durante la realización de ciertos procedimientos quirúrgicos. Se discute la comparación de este caso con la literatura.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/pathology , Brachial Plexus/surgery , Cadaver
9.
Int. j. morphol ; 26(2): 385-388, jun. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-549962

ABSTRACT

Many of the anatomical variations that are inadequately described or quantified are actually more clinically and surgically significant than being just anatomical curiosities. We report about such a variation where an aberrant slip existed in the scalene group, in a 56 year old embalmed female cadaver. This kind of variation may affect the size of the scalene triangle, and thus, may potentially result in varied signs and symptoms in patients vulnerable to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). Proximity of the scalene muscles to the brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein, coexisting with aberrant slips or bundles may also predispose to compression syndromes.


Muchas de las variaciones anatómicas no están suficientemente descritas o cuantificadas y son actualmente clínica y quirúrgicamente significativas más que curiosidades anatómicas. Reportamos una variación anatómica en el grupo de los músculos escalenos, presente en un cadáver de una mujer de 56 años. Este tipo de variación puede afectar el tamaño del triángulo escalénico y por lo tanto, puede potencialmente resultar en variados signos y síntomas en pacientes vulnerables al síndrome de salida torácica. La proximidad de los músculos escalenos con el plexo braquial, arteria y vena suclavias, coexistiendo con fascículos aberrantes pueden predisponer a síndromes de compresión.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Subclavian Artery/abnormalities , Neck Muscles/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Thoracic Outlet Syndrome , Cadaver
10.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 36(supl.1): 132-137, jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-509583

ABSTRACT

O autor apresenta 20 casos de paralisia alta do plexo braquial, acometendo as raízes C5, C6 ± C7, tratadas pela neurotização dos fascículos do nervo musculocutâneo que inervam o músculo bíceps braquial por fascículos do nervo ulnar para recuperação da flexão do cotovelo (Técnica de Oberlin).A neurorrafia pode ser executada sem enxertos nervosos de interposição. Em todos os paciente aferiu-se resultado positivo, com início da recuperação funcional aos 5,5 ± 1,7 meses pós- operatórios e flexão do cotovelo contra resistência aos 14,7 ± 5,5 meses depois da cirurgia.A seqüela provocada pela secção dos fascículos doadores do nervo ulnar foram clinicamente desprezíveis quando comparadas ao beneficio proporcionado. O sucesso alcançado pelo procedimento cirúrgico se deu, principalmente, pelo curto espaço de tempo entre o acidente e a cirurgia. Os resultados descritos estão de acordo com os da literatura e reafirmam que a neurotização "Ulnar-Biceps" e o procedimento de escolha para o tratamento cirúrgico das paralisias altas do plexo braquial.


The author presents 20 cases of upper brachial plexus palsies, concerning C5, C6 ± C7 roots, treated by neurotization of the musculocutaneus nerve fascicles innervating the biceps brachial muscle with ulnar nerve fascicles to recover elbow flexion (Oberlin's Technique). The neurorraphy could be executed without interposition of nerve grafts. All the patients had positive result, with beginning of the functional recovery at 5.5 ± 1.7 of postoperative month sandel bow flexi on again stresistance at 14.7 ± 5.5 months after the surgery. The sequel provoked by the sectioned donor fascicles of the ulnar nerve is clinically worthless when compared with the benefit produced. The success reached by the surgical procedure can be mainly given by short gap of time between accident and surgery. The described results are in accordance with the literature and reaffirm that the Ulnar-Biceps neurotization is the first choice procedure for the surgical treatment of the upper brachial plexus palsies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Brachial Plexus , Paralysis , Ulnar Nerve , Ulnar Nerve/abnormalities , Ulnar Nerve/surgery , Ulnar Nerve/pathology , Paralysis/surgery , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/surgery , Brachial Plexus/physiopathology , Brachial Plexus/injuries
11.
Neurosciences. 2007; 12 (4): 340-342
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-100534

ABSTRACT

Variations in the formation of the brachial plexus and in the course of its branches are not as uncommon as was once thought. A description of the abnormalities and complexities of the anatomy of the upper arm is very important with regard to surgical approaches. This case study reports a combined absence of musculocutaneous nerve associated with a third head of biceps brachii muscle in the left upper arm of an adult male cadaver. Moreover, the left ulnar nerve is entrapped within the substance of the medial head of the triceps muscle. The clinical implications, as well as the possible clinical symptoms resulting from these anomalies are discussed


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Cadaver , Musculocutaneous Nerve/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus Neuropathies , Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes , Ulnar Nerve/abnormalities , Ulnar Nerve/anatomy & histology
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-46861

ABSTRACT

Posterior cord (PC) is formed by the union of posterior divisions of upper, middle and lower trunks. During routine dissection variations in the formation and distribution of PC and its branches were observed on both the sides. These variations were: i) prefixed brachial plexus on left side ii) PC on both the sides was formed by the union of posterior divisions of only the upper (C5, 6) and middle (C7) trunks while the posterior division of lower (C8, T1) trunk joined the radial nerve directly and also gave contribution by two roots to left thoracodorsal nerve iii) length of PC varied on both the sides; on right side it was 4cm while on left side it was 1.5cm long. iv) upper subscapular nerve on right side arose from PC far proximal to other branches and on its course communicated with lower subscapular nerve before distributing to subscapularis while on left side it arose from posterior division of the upper trunk (C5, 6) only. v) on left side nerve to teres minor arose directly from axillary nerve trunk instead of arising from its posterior branch. The axillary nerve on both the sides divided into terminal branches before entering the quadrangular space of arm instead after traversing the quadrangular space. vi) the branches of radial nerve, which normally arise in the radial groove, arose in the axilla on both the sides. So in cases of trauma or injury of arm some of these branches may be spared.


Subject(s)
Axilla/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Cadaver , Humans , Pilot Projects , Radial Nerve/abnormalities
13.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 1110-1113, 2003.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-143818

ABSTRACT

A variation of the brachial plexus, characterized by the absence of the musculocutaneous nerve on the left arm, was found during the dissection of a 28-year old male cadaver. The whole lateral cord was joined to the median nerve, which it met in two points. One was a typical junction of both roots of the median nerve at the level of the coracoid process. The other was a junction of the remaining lateral cord and the median nerve, which was 92 mm away from the typical junction. This case provided some evidence about the absence of the musculocutaneous nerve, rather than a complete fusion of the median and musculocutaneous nerves. As the nerves are named due to their course or innervation, and not from their origin, it is reasonable to assume that the combined nerve was actually the median nerve, and that the musculocutaneous nerve did not exist.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Cadaver , Musculocutaneous Nerve/abnormalities
14.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 1110-1113, 2003.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-143811

ABSTRACT

A variation of the brachial plexus, characterized by the absence of the musculocutaneous nerve on the left arm, was found during the dissection of a 28-year old male cadaver. The whole lateral cord was joined to the median nerve, which it met in two points. One was a typical junction of both roots of the median nerve at the level of the coracoid process. The other was a junction of the remaining lateral cord and the median nerve, which was 92 mm away from the typical junction. This case provided some evidence about the absence of the musculocutaneous nerve, rather than a complete fusion of the median and musculocutaneous nerves. As the nerves are named due to their course or innervation, and not from their origin, it is reasonable to assume that the combined nerve was actually the median nerve, and that the musculocutaneous nerve did not exist.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Cadaver , Musculocutaneous Nerve/abnormalities
15.
Rev. méd. Costa Rica Centroam ; 66(546): 3-5, ene.-mar. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-257261

ABSTRACT

El pexo braquial es sujeto de varias anomalías, pero su descripción en la literatura es escasa. Este plexo es una red de nervios mixtos con inervación sensitiva y motora que inerva el miembro superior, con un recorrido que se inicia en el triángulo posterior del cuello, pasando por la axila y llegando hasta la mano. Está formado por ramos, troncos, divisiones, cordones y sus ramas. Los ramos ventrales de los nervios C5 a C8 y T1, ubicados entre los músculos escaleno anterior y medio. Cada tronco se divide en una división anterior y una división posterior. Las anteriores inervan a las regiones flexoras y las posteriores a las regiones extensoras. Se estudiaron 81 cadáveres preservados para estudio durante 13 años de investigación, encontrándose dos casos de anomalías con más de una variante para una frecuencia de un 2.46 por ciento. En presente caso corresponde a la presencia de tres troncos de ubicación infraclavicular. El nervio ulnar se origina en posición normal, a partir del cordón medial. El nervio mediano se origina de las raíces: lateral del cordón lateral y medial del cordón medial. Pero el punto de su unión se da a nivel inferior del punto normal de unión, a dos centímetros superior a la base de la fosa cubital del brazo derecho. El nervio radial se origina de la manera usual y antes de ingresar al canal de torsión se abre en cinco ramas formando un haz en abanico. En el lado izquierdo se da la misma variante, solo que el nervio mediano se forma a 10 centímetros superiormente a la fosa cubital en el tercer medio del brazo. El nervio radial tiene disposición normal. Además, la raíz lateral se divide en dos ramas antes de unirse a la raíz media. Dándose dos puntos de unión a diferente nivel, a dos centímetros de distancia uno del otro. Una anomalía similar, con más de una variante, fue reportada por Selyukova, García y Valdés en una publicación anterior. Las anomalías del plexo braquial aparecen generalmente en forma bilateral, con diferencias entre el lado derecho y el lado izquierdo. Las alteraciones del patrón normal pueden estar asociadas a una variante en el desarrollo del patrón muscular, que algunas veces no es tan evidente


Subject(s)
Humans , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Costa Rica
16.
Acta méd. domin ; 20(5): 191-4, sept.-oct. 1998. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-269341

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una paciente de 28 años de edad, quien presentaba costilla cervical con sintomatología de comprensión del plexo branquial del lado derecho; se realizó resección de la misma, obteniendose regresión de toda la sintomatología


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Ribs/abnormalities
17.
Rev. chil. cienc. méd. biol ; 7(2): 91-4, 1997. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-211912

ABSTRACT

Este artículo corresponde a la descripción de un caso de variación bilateral de formación e inserción del músculo braquial encontrado en un cadáver adulto de sexo masculino. En ambos lados, el músculo braquial se encontró dividido en dos fascículos longitudinales, yuxtapuestos, parcialmente distintos. La parte lateral e indferior del cuerpo del músculo braquial estaba firmemente unido por una especie de puente muscular al músculo braquirradial. Esta inserción, continuación o terminación en el músculo braquirradial fue apenas perceptible en el lado derecho a través de una pequeña intersección aponeurótica, mientras que en el lado izquierdo, ambos se fusionaron completamente


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Muscles/abnormalities , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histology
18.
Rev. costarric. cienc. méd ; 15(3/4): 24-8, set.-dic. 1994. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-169642

ABSTRACT

Se describe un caso de anomalías del plexo braquial, singular tanto por la cantidad de anomalías como por la naturaleza de las mismas. Se revisa la constitución del plexo braquial normal y se compara con la del caso estudiado. Se comentan las posibles implicaciones clínicas de variantes anatómicas existentes a nivel de esta estructura anatómica


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Costa Rica
19.
Bogota; ASCOFAME; 1990. 435 p. ilus, tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-130330

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de la presente publicacion es presentar modulos de atencion primaria de salud, relacionados con el diagnostico y terapeutica de las enfermedades del sistema locomotor, para ser utilizados por los estudiantes de medicina a un nivel primario de salud. Presenta casos tomados de la vida real que permiten introducir al alumno en un proceso de analisis de la situacion de salud. Incluye guias para ser utilizadas por el estudiante para educar a la familia y la comunidad en espectos relacionados con prevencion de salud a un nivel primario de salud


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Primary Health Care , Musculoskeletal System/physiopathology , Wounds and Injuries/diagnosis , Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brachial Plexus/abnormalities , Foot Deformities, Congenital/diagnosis , Foot Deformities, Congenital/therapy , Education, Medical/trends , Hip Dislocation, Congenital/diagnosis , Hip Dislocation, Congenital/therapy , Medical History Taking/standards , Osteoporosis/diagnosis , Osteoporosis/therapy , Rickets/diagnosis , Rickets/therapy
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